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Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, born on October 7, 1952, is a prominent Russian politician and former intelligence officer currently serving as the President of Russia. His political career has been characterized by a continuous tenure in top governmental positions since 1999: initially as Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000 and again from 2008 to 2012, and as President from 2000 to 2008 and since 2012. He holds the distinction of being the longest-serving leader of Russia or the Soviet Union since Joseph Stalin.

Putin spent 16 years working in the KGB's foreign intelligence division, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel before resigning in 1991 to pursue a political career in Saint Petersburg. In 1996, he relocated to Moscow to join President Boris Yeltsin's administration. He briefly served as the head of the Federal Security Service (FSB) and later as the Secretary of the Security Council of Russia. Putin's political ascent accelerated when he was appointed Prime Minister in August 1999. Following Yeltsin's resignation, Putin assumed the role of acting president and, within a few months, was elected to his first presidential term. He was subsequently reelected in 2004. Constitutional limits on consecutive presidential terms led Putin to serve as Prime Minister again from 2008 to 2012 under Dmitry Medvedev. Returning to the presidency in 2012 amid allegations of electoral irregularities and protests, he secured reelection in 2018.

Vladimir Putin was born in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) to a working-class family on October 7, 1952. His early life was shaped by the aftermath of World War II and the Soviet Union's post-war reconstruction. Putin showed an early interest in martial arts and sports, traits that would later influence his public image. After graduating from high school, he enrolled in the Law Faculty at Leningrad State University, where he demonstrated academic prowess and a growing interest in politics. Putin's education provided him with a legal background that would prove valuable in his future career in public service and intelligence.

Vladimir Putin's career trajectory is characterized by a blend of intelligence work, administrative roles, and political leadership. After graduating from university, he joined the KGB, where he served in East Germany for several years. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Putin returned to Russia and entered local politics in St. Petersburg, quickly rising through the ranks due to his efficiency and loyalty. His appointment as Prime Minister under Boris Yeltsin marked the beginning of his ascent to national prominence. As President, Putin implemented economic reforms, centralized power, and pursued assertive foreign policies, reshaping Russia's position on the global stage. His subsequent terms as President and Prime Minister solidified his influence and legacy within Russian politics and beyond.

Vladimir Putin's legacy is deeply intertwined with Russia's transformation in the post-Soviet era. He is credited with stabilizing the country after the chaotic 1990s, restoring its economy, and reasserting its influence in international affairs. However, his tenure has also been marked by allegations of authoritarianism, crackdowns on dissent, and geopolitical tensions with Western nations. Putin's legacy is a subject of debate, with supporters lauding his strong leadership and critics condemning his approach to governance and human rights. Looking forward, Putin's future and the direction of Russian politics remain pivotal factors in global geopolitics, shaping relations with neighboring countries and influencing global stability.

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