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Paul Gardner Allen (January 21, 1953 – October 15, 2018) was an American businessman, computer programmer, investor, film producer, explorer, and philanthropist. He co-founded Microsoft Corporation with his childhood friend Bill Gates in 1975, playing a pivotal role in the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s. At the time of his death, Forbes ranked him as the 44th wealthiest person in the world with an estimated net worth of $20.3 billion.

Allen stepped away from daily operations at Microsoft in early 1983 following a Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis, though he remained on the board as vice-chairman. In 1986, he and his sister, Jody Allen, established Vulcan Inc., a private company managing his business and philanthropic ventures. His extensive investment portfolio included technology and media companies, scientific research, real estate, private spaceflight projects, and various other sectors. He owned the Seattle Seahawks of the NFL, the Portland Trail Blazers of the NBA, and was a part-owner of the Seattle Sounders FC in Major League Soccer. Under his ownership, the Seahawks won Super Bowl XLVIII and reached two other Super Bowls (XL and XLIX). In 2000, he left Microsoft's board to become a senior strategy advisor to the company.

Allen also founded the Allen Institutes for Brain Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Cell Science, and launched companies like Stratolaunch Systems and Apex Learning. His philanthropic efforts exceeded $2 billion, supporting education, wildlife conservation, the arts, healthcare, and community services. He funded the first crewed private spaceplane, SpaceShipOne, in 2004. Allen received numerous accolades, including being listed among the Time 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2007 and 2008.

Diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 2009, Allen died from septic shock related to cancer on October 15, 2018, at the age of 65. Shortly after his passing, in April 2019, the Allen-funded Stratolaunch made its maiden flight, becoming the largest aircraft in history by wingspan.

Paul Gardner Allen was born on January 21, 1953, in Seattle, Washington. He was the second child of Kenneth Allen and Edna Faye Allen. His family was relatively modest, with his father working as a librarian and his mother as a school teacher. From a young age, Allen exhibited a keen interest in technology and science, largely influenced by his upbringing and the cultural milieu of the Pacific Northwest.

Allen’s early fascination with computers began when he was in the sixth grade. His school introduced him to a computer terminal, which captured his imagination. By the time he was in high school at Lakeside School, a private institution in Seattle, he had become deeply engrossed in computing. It was at Lakeside that he met Bill Gates, who would become his business partner and co-founder of Microsoft. The two shared a passion for computers and programming, which led them to collaborate on various projects, including developing a computer program for scheduling classes at their school.

After graduating from Lakeside in 1971, Allen enrolled at Washington State University. However, his time at university was short-lived. In 1974, he decided to drop out to pursue his entrepreneurial aspirations. This decision was driven by his belief that the burgeoning personal computing industry offered a unique opportunity that was too significant to ignore. His partnership with Gates was already forming, and he was eager to dive into the world of technology.

Allen’s decision to leave academia and venture into the tech industry proved to be pivotal. His early exposure to computing and his subsequent choice to pursue technology full-time set the stage for his future accomplishments. The skills and experiences gained during these formative years were instrumental in shaping his career and contributions to the tech world.

Paul Allen’s career trajectory is a testament to his vision and entrepreneurial spirit. After dropping out of Washington State University, Allen, along with Bill Gates, founded Microsoft in 1975. The duo’s goal was to develop software for the emerging personal computer market. Their first major break came when they developed a version of the BASIC programming language for the Altair 8800, one of the first commercially available microcomputers. This success established Microsoft as a key player in the software industry.

Microsoft’s big break came in 1980 when IBM approached the company to develop an operating system for its first personal computer. Allen and Gates acquired an existing operating system, modified it, and sold it to IBM under the name MS-DOS. This deal not only catapulted Microsoft into the limelight but also established it as a dominant force in the software market. MS-DOS became a standard for personal computers, and Microsoft’s success skyrocketed.

In 1983, Allen was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma, which led him to step down from his active role at Microsoft. Despite his health challenges, he continued to be involved in the company and retained a significant stake in it. His contributions to Microsoft, particularly in its formative years, were crucial to its success and growth.

Allen’s post-Microsoft career was marked by a diverse range of ventures. He founded Vulcan Inc., an investment and project management company, which allowed him to explore various interests beyond software. Through Vulcan, he invested in a wide array of fields, including aerospace, biotechnology, and real estate. Notably, he co-founded the Allen Institute for Brain Science in 2003, which aimed to advance the understanding of the brain through cutting-edge research.

In addition to his scientific and technological endeavors, Allen was a passionate philanthropist. He donated substantial sums to numerous causes, including education, science, and the arts. His philanthropic efforts were reflected in his support for institutions such as the Museum of Pop Culture in Seattle and the Experience Music Project, which celebrated his love for music and popular culture.

Allen’s career trajectory was characterized by his ability to foresee technological trends and invest in innovative projects. His contributions to the tech industry were not limited to Microsoft; his ventures into space exploration with Stratolaunch and his efforts to advance scientific research underscore his diverse interests and impact.Legacy and Future

Paul Allen’s legacy is multifaceted, reflecting his diverse interests and significant contributions across various domains. In the tech industry, he is remembered as a visionary who played a critical role in the early success of Microsoft. His collaboration with Bill Gates laid the foundation for what would become one of the most influential technology companies in history. Microsoft’s dominance in the software industry, fueled by innovations like MS-DOS and later Windows, owes much to Allen’s early work and strategic decisions.

Beyond his achievements in technology, Allen’s legacy extends to his philanthropic efforts and contributions to scientific research. His establishment of the Allen Institute for Brain Science exemplifies his commitment to advancing knowledge and understanding of the human brain. This institute has become a leading center for neuroscience research, pushing the boundaries of what is known about brain function and neurological disorders.

Allen’s ventures into space exploration with Stratolaunch reflect his forward-thinking approach and willingness to invest in groundbreaking projects. Stratolaunch aimed to revolutionize space travel through innovative launch systems, and while the company faced challenges, its efforts represent Allen’s enduring passion for pushing the limits of technology and exploration.

In terms of philanthropy, Allen’s impact is significant. His donations to various causes, including education, health, and the arts, have had a lasting effect on numerous organizations and communities. The Museum of Pop Culture, for instance, stands as a testament to his appreciation for music and culture, providing a space for the celebration and preservation of popular culture.

Looking to the future, Allen’s legacy is likely to endure through the institutions and projects he supported. The Allen Institute for Brain Science and his contributions to space exploration and technology will continue to influence their respective fields. Additionally, his philanthropic efforts will likely have a lasting impact on the causes he championed.

Paul Allen’s life and work demonstrate a commitment to innovation, exploration, and giving back to society. His contributions have left a lasting imprint on technology, science, and philanthropy, and his legacy will continue to inspire future generations to pursue their passions and make a difference in the world.

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